ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵛⵉⵍⵢⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ

ⵛⵉⵍⵉⵍⵉⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴷⴱⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵛⵉⵍⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ, ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ, 210 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵢⴽⴰⵜⵉⵏⴱⵓⵔⴳ, ⵖⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵇⵇⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴰⵍ, ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵢⴰⵙⵙ, ⵅⴼ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵢⴰ. ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ: ⵜⴰⵀⵉⵙⵜⵓⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵛⵉⵍⵢⴰⴱⴰ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵜⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵛⴽⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵛⵉⵍⵢⴰⴱⵉ (Сииеееее, ⵙⵉⵍⴰⴱⵉ) ⵙ ⵓⴽⵓⵏⴳⵔⵉⵙ ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⵢ (ⴽⵓⵜⵍⵓ-ⵎⵓⵀⴰⵎⵎⴷ) ⵜⵉⴼⴽⵍⵉⴼ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1736 ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵃⴹⵓ ⵉⴱⵔⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵖⵍⵏ ⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴱⵔⴷⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴱⵔⴷⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴱⵛⴽⵉⵔ. ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵡⵡⴰⵖⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⴳⴰⵛⵉⴼ, ⵜⵅⵙ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴼⵓⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵡⵡⴰⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1774, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴹⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1775. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1782, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴼⴼⴰ ⴼⵉⵛⵉⵔⵢⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵏⴱⵓⵔⴳ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵛⵉⵍⵉⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⴷⵖⵉ ⴳ 1787. ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 19, ⵜⴳⴰ ⴽⵉⵍⵉⵍⵉⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1892, ⵉⴼⵓⴽ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ-ⵣⵍⴰⵜⵓⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵓⵙⴽⵓ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴳ ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ. ⴰⵡⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1892, ⵉⴱⴷⴰ ⵓⵚⴽⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴰⵏⵙ-ⵙⴱⵉⵔⵢⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵛⵉⵍⵢⴰⴱⵏⵙⴽ ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1896 ⵉⵣⴷⵉ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴽⵉⵏⵉⴱⵓⵔⴳ. ⵛⵉⵍⵢⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴱⵉⵔⵢⴰ. ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ - ⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰ - ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵙ ⴽⵉⵍⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ. ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵛⵉⵍⵉⵢⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ, ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵡⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵏⵔⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵔⴰⴼ. ⵏⵏⵉⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⴰ, ⴷⴻⴳ ⵛⴻⵍⵍⵢⵢⴰⴱⴻⵏⵙⴽ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵓⴷⴷⴻⵙ-ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵙⴻⴱⴷⴻⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴻⴳⴳⴰ ⵏ «ⵍⴻⵅⵍⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵡⴰⵏⵜ» «ⴰⵙⴻⴳⵎⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵍⴻⵄⴹⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵉⵣⴻⵡⵍⴰ ⵉ ⵓⴳⴻⵣⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵙⵙⴰⵡⴹⴻⵏ ⵖⴻⵔ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⵇ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⴻⴼⴽⴰ ⵢⴻⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⴷ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵙⵙⴻⴱⴷⴻⴷ ⴰⵙⴻⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⴼⴼⴻⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴻⴼⵙⵉⵜ. ⵓⵔ ⵜⵜⵄⵟⵟⵉⵍⵏ ⵛⵉⵍⵉⵢⴰⴱⵏⵙⴽ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵖⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵡⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ 20, 000 ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1897, 45, 000 ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1913, ⴷ 70, 000 ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ 1917. ⵉ ⵓⵏⵏⵔⵏⵉ ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵔⴰⴼ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 20, ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵛⵉⵍⵉⵢⴰⴱⵉⵏⵙⴽ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ " ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴰⵍⵙ ⵛⵉⴽⴰⴳⵓ ".